Adding a set of stairs to connect your second story deck to the backyard not only maximizes your outdoor living space, but also enables you to seamlessly transition between levels for entertaining or everyday use. With the right design and materials, second story deck stairs can be an eye-catching focal point that enhances the beauty and functionality of your multi-level deck.
However, building stairs for an elevated deck requires careful planning and execution. Safety should be the top priority, along with adhering to local building codes and choosing materials that are durable and complementary to your home’s architecture.
Planning Your Second Story Deck Stairs
The first step is assessing the overall layout to determine placement, shape, size, and other aspects of your deck stairs. Here are some key planning considerations:
- Measure the total height from the ground to the surface of the second story deck to calculate how many steps and landings you’ll need.
- Determine the ideal location where the stairs will connect the deck to the ground. Consider easy accessibility from both levels and impacts on your yard.
- Decide on the overall stair shape and style – straight, L-shaped, U-shaped, spiral, and other layout options each have their own pros and cons.
- Account for landings – flat resting platforms between stair runs that allow for turns and provide a safe place to pause.
- Review your local building codes and zoning laws, which dictate specifics like maximum riser height, tread depth, and more.
Proper planning from the very beginning will ensure your stairs are structurally sound, safe, and in compliance with regulations. It also enables you to choose a style aligned with your vision for maximizing enjoyment of your outdoor living space.
Stair Materials and Costs
Second story deck stairs can be constructed using a variety of materials, each with their own advantages. Some popular options include:
- Wood: The classic choice that pairs well with wooden decks. Cedar, redwood, and pressure-treated pine are common picks for their weather-resistance. Affordable and easy to work with for DIYers.
- Composite: Made from recycled wood fibers and plastic, composite is low-maintenance and durable. Pricier than wood but won’t rot, splinter or warp.
- Metal: Aluminum, steel, and galvanized metal stairs stand up to heavy use. Typically prefabricated for easier installation. More contemporary appearance.
- PVC: Stairs made from molded PVC plastic are weatherproof and sturdy. Offer benefits of wood without as much upkeep.
Beyond the stairs themselves, costs will be incurred for railings, fasteners, finishes, lighting, and professional installation if not taking on the project as a DIY endeavor. The total price can range from $2,000 on the more affordable end up to $5,000 or more for premium materials and elaborate designs.
Structural Considerations
Since second story decks are elevated, properly supporting the stairs beneath them is crucial. Here are some of the structural considerations for stable, safety deck stairs:
- Sturdy framing must reinforce the entire stair structure during construction.
- Reinforced stringers securely fastened to the frame prevent bounce and sway.
- Closely spaced joists (12″ on center or less) provide solid attachment points for each tread.
- Concrete footings anchor stairs to the ground.
- Professional engineering is advisable for assessing structural loads.
Thoughtful design and precision construction ensures stairs can handle the weight and movement of regular traffic without compromise. Don’t cut corners here, as structural failures could be catastrophic.
Stair Design Options
When it comes to style, second story deck stairs can be customized to suit your taste and complement your home. Design considerations include:
- Straight: Classic and simple to build, straight-run stairs are the most common choice.
- Curved: For a more elegant look, opt for gentle curves and rounded edges.
- Open or closed risers: Risers are the vertical parts between each tread. Open risers have space instead of a board.
- Tread depth: Deeper treads (at least 11″) provide more comfort and safety.
- Riser height: Typically between 6-7.5″. Too high can be risky.
- Landings: Flat platforms between runs or directional changes. Required by code.
Layout possibilities are vast, so work closely with your deck contractor to translate your vision into functional reality.
Railings and Safety
Given the height and potential hazards, properly designed railings are critical for second story deck stairs. Local building codes dictate the requirements, such as:
- Minimum railing height (often 36-42 inches).
- Balusters spaced no more than 4 inches apart for safety.
- Graspable handrails for control.
- Strength to withstand minimum 200 lbs of force.
- Sturdy post mounts and connections.
Pro tips for reducing the risk of slips, trips, and falls include adding lighting for nighttime visibility, using textured surfaces for traction, maintaining clear sight lines, and building stairs at a comfortable slope and width.
Aesthetic Touches
Beyond function, well-designed stairs also contribute visual appeal to your deck. Consider choices like:
- Wood species, stain colors, and finishes to complement your style.
- Sleek metal cables or classic wood spindles for balusters.
- Accent lighting to illuminate the stairs at night.
- Incorporating storage like drawers into riser spaces.
- Matching architectural details like deck railing and trim.
Your contractor can recommend creative ways to personalize the stairs to enhance your deck’s overall beauty and wow factor.
Hiring a Professional
While advanced DIYers can take on second story stair construction, the complexity, safety considerations, and need for precise engineering mean most homeowners are better off hiring a professional. Reasons to have a certified deck builder handle your second story stairs project include:
- Knowledge of local building codes and permitting.
- Access to quality materials at fair prices.
- Ability to assess and accommodate structural requirements.
- Familiarity with advanced building techniques.
- Tools and resources to complete work efficiently.
- Safety training and accident prevention skills.
Be sure to check reviews, credentials, insurance, and references when selecting a deck contractor. Get quotes from multiple companies before signing a contract.
Questions to Ask Prospective Deck Builders
When interviewing deck construction professionals, inquiries should include:
- How long have you been specializing in deck building?
- Are you licensed and insured?
- Can you provide references from recent jobs?
- Will you handle pulling permits and scheduling inspections?
- What materials and brands do you recommend for stairs?
- How will you ensure the structural integrity and safety?
- Do you offer a workmanship warranty?
Reputable builders will gladly answer your questions and craft a custom plan addressing your specific second story deck stair needs.
Agreeing on a Design
Collaborating with your pro on a stair design is key for bringing your vision to life. Make sure to communicate:
- Where the stairs should be positioned.
- How they will be oriented and shaped.
- The look you envision, including materials and finishes.
- Functional considerations like lighting and storage.
- Safety features desired.
- Budget and expected costs.
With clear expectations upfront, you’re more likely to be thrilled with your custom second story deck stairs.
Permits and Inspections
Your contractor will take care of submitting the necessary permit applications and scheduling inspections by local building officials at key points in the construction process. This ensures your new stairs meet all codes and regulations.
DIY Considerations
While hiring a professional is recommended for most homeowners, taking on second story deck stairs as a DIY project may be feasible if you have advanced carpentry skills and can invest significant time researching proper techniques. Points to consider include:
- Following a step-by-step plan with structural diagrams.
- Sourcing all necessary high-quality building materials.
- Using proper protective gear and safety equipment.
- Precision and attention to detail are absolute musts.
- Understanding and complying with building codes.
- Securing the required permits and scheduling inspections.
A consultation with an experienced contractor can still prove helpful for advice even if DIYing the labor. Don’t underestimate the complexity of structural load requirements and safety factors.
Maintaining Second Story Deck Stairs
Regular maintenance preserves the safety, function, and appearance of your second story deck stairs. A seasonal checklist includes:
- Inspecting for loose boards, damaged railings, and other issues.
- Re-staining or sealing wood stairs annually.
- Cleaning debris and removing snow/ice promptly.
- Lubricating stair lifts if applicable.
- Checking and replacing worn treads as needed.
- Tightening any loose connectors and hardware.
Prompt repairs prevent small problems from escalating. Address wobbly treads, splitting wood, and splintering that could lead to injuries right away. Know when to call a professional for major repairs.
The prospect of building second story deck stairs may seem daunting but is absolutely achievable with sound planning and construction. Safety and aesthetics should be your top priorities. An experienced deck professional can translate your vision into reality while avoiding missteps. With eye-catching stairs connecting your elevated deck to the yard, you’ll be able to fully enjoy your outdoor oasis for years to come.
